And encourage the individual to take an interest and contribute towards their support. In fact, the primary reason for people being moved to institutions was because they were thought to be unable to contribute to society in a meaningful way. Services today can also learn from the mistakes of the past. Analyse the concepts of: >Social inclusion – >Social exclusion – >Community – 2. Individuals did not have any choice about the healthcare they received. This may be because the individual is unable to express their views or feels that their voice is not being heard. At a particular meeting it is decided by the group that the next book that they will all read is a new release. Some things to consider are: To communicate effectively with individuals with learning disabilities, you should ensure that the language that you use is both age and ability appropriate. Finally, education has a large part to play in promoting positive attitudes as it pushes people to think about and try to understand things from another’s point of view. Despite this, populations of hospitals continued to rise as many individuals were not aware of their choice or had been institutionalised and did not want to move. Working in partnership with them. Social inclusion is defined by the Charity Commission as: Social inclusion is often used to describe the opposite effect to social exclusion. Analyse how key legislation can promote social … And the right to marry and start a family means that people with learning disabilities are no longer regarded as not having the capacity to have intimate relationships and have children. This involves finding ways to support activities and participation with other people so that … Integration of people with learning disabilities into the wider community can help create more understanding between individuals and quash popular misconceptions. Sadly, it was rarely enforced and the disabled register was inaccurate. Registered charities with an annual income over £10,000 must provide annual information to the Commission. Amongst many other studies of the time, the Jay Report suggested they should integrate into local communities based on the idea of normalisation. However, accommodation was primarily in the form of hostels and care homes/sub-communities. Nowadays, people are much more person-centred and understand that individuals are the experts in their own care. Discrimination Act, Equality Act, Human Rights Act, Health and Social Care Act (Regulated activities) and the Essential Standards, Codes of Practice for Social Care Workers. The Mental Health Act 2007 and Mental Capacity Act Code of Practice helps to ensure that choices are not taken away from individuals with learning disabilities by the people that support them. Social inclusion is linked to the concept of equal They also argue powerfully as to how this inclusion can create important opportunities for developing friendships and ‘natural support’. In 1995, the Disability Discrimination Act (later superseded by the Equality Act 2010) made it illegal for employers to discriminate against people with disabilities. Unstructured observations took place within a variety of community settings: supermarkets, pub, a park. balance citizens’ rights and responsibilities. Another example is when planning meals for an individual. A learning disability is a broad term that encompasses many different conditions such as Down’s Syndrome and Fragile X Syndrome and can be classed as mild, moderate or severe. You can also support active participation with the individuals you provide care for by: Being non-judgmental. It is their responsibility to set the laws that are the foundation of society. There are several different types of advocacy available for people with learning disabilities. Rights: Individuals you care for and support should continue to have the same rights as when they were living independently. The Care Act 2014 made it the duty of local authorities to ensure the wellbeing of individuals with learning disabilities. It was still common practice to force patients to take medication. Assignment Help >> Other Subject Support Individuals to be Part of a CommunityLearning outcomes1 Understand how communities can support social This service is usually paid for by the individual. In 1990 the National Health Service and Community Care Act revamped healthcare and made it more person-centred by concentrating on what the individual needs rather than what is available. Over time, you should introduce new skills so that they can become even more independent. Standard 9: Awareness of Mental Health, Dementia and Learning Disabilities, Standard 15: Infection Prevention and Control, Implement Person-Centred Approaches in Care Settings, Safeguarding and Protection in Care Settings, Health, Safety and Well-Being in Care Settings, Understand the Context of Supporting Individuals with Learning Disabilities, Promote Personal Development in Care Settings, Promote Equality and Inclusion in Care Settings, Promote Person-Centred Approaches in Care Settings, Promote Health, Safety and Wellbeing in Care Settings, Promote Effective Handling of Information in Care Settings, Identify legislation and policies that are designed to promote the human rights, inclusion, equal life chances and citizenship of individuals with learning disabilities, Explain how this legislation and policies influence the day to day experiences of individuals with learning disabilities and their families, Explain what is meant by ‘learning disability’, Give examples of causes of learning disabilities, Describe the medical and social models of disability, State the approximate proportion of individuals with a learning disability for whom the cause is ‘not known’, Describe the possible impact on a family of having a member with a learning disability, Explain the types of services that have been provided for individuals with learning disabilities over time, Describe how past ways of working may affect present services, Identify some of the key changes in the following areas of the lives of individuals who have learning disabilities: a) where people live b) daytime activities c) employment d) sexual relationships and parenthood e) the provision of healthcare, Explain the meaning of the term ‘social inclusion’, Explain the meaning of the term ‘advocacy’, Describe ways to build empowerment and active participation into everyday support with individuals with learning disabilities, Explain how attitudes are changing in relation to individuals with learning disabilities, Give examples of positive and negative aspects of being labelled as having a learning disability, Describe steps that can be taken to promote positive attitudes towards individuals with learning disabilities and their family carers, Explain the roles of external agencies and others in changing attitudes, policy and practice, Identify ways of adapting each of the following when communicating with individuals who have learning disabilities a) verbal communication b) non-verbal communication, Explain why it is important to use language that is both ‘age appropriate’ and ‘ability appropriate’ when communicating with individuals with learning disabilities. Be able to support individuals to make decisions about risks 1. support an individual to recognize the potential risk in different areas of their life 2. support the individual to balance choices with their own and others’ health, safety and Wellbeing Positive risk taking is a process which starts with the identification of potential benefit or harm. Instructed advocacy is when an individual tells their advocate what they would like them to say and do. Similarly, be mindful that adults with learning disabilities have the same hopes, dreams and desires as anyone else, so do not need to ‘protected’ from discussing things other members of their age group may talk about. It makes it unlawful for an individual with disabilities to be discriminated against. Understand how communities can support social inclusion (Unit HSC 3071:1) 1. Module 1: Understanding social inclusion In this module you will learn about the concepts of social exclusion and inclusion, their significance for people with intellectual disability and the concept of encounter as one aspect of social inclusion. Understand the importance of a positive, person-centred approach to risk assessment 3. This eventually resulted in a massive shift during the 1980s of people moving out of institutions and into mainstream society. Explain the consequences of social exclusion for: >Individuals – >Communities – 4. Do you believe that it’s not a good thing for some people? Outcome 4 Understand the basic principles and practice of advocacy, empowerment and active participation in relation to supporting individuals with learning disabilities and their families. A Paid Relevant Person’s Representative (PRPR) is an example of a statutory advocate. In the 19th and early 20th centuries, individuals with learning disabilities either lived with family or were forced to live in institutions and asylums, segregated from mainstream communities. If you are communicating with an adult with learning disabilities, you should speak to them as an adult. Past ways of working with individuals with learning disabilities went from the institution/asylum method throughout the first half of the 20th century where individuals were segregated from ‘normal’ society and even treated like criminals to integration with local communities with a focus on care but with limited rights and finally to the person centred approach of 21st century where services are tailored to the individual’s needs. Legislation is the collection of laws that have been made official by parliament and must be followed. Advocacy (provided by advocates) is an independent service that ensures that an individual has their say on issues that are important to them, input into their care provision and their rights defended. In the 21st Century, more and more people moved into supported living environments where they either owned or privately rented their homes and had support workers come in to provide their care. It also means you’re in a position to report any issues to management (especially if the discriminated person doesn’t … After giving an individual some information, it is a good idea to ask them if they have understood what you are saying. Our relationships with family and friends define and shape who we are; Family and friends provide all sorts of help and support, from small to big things; Having positive relationships with family and friends makes us happier and healthier; Much of what we know about the world, we learn from our family and friends; Family and friends provide us with 'social capital' – material and non-material resources that we can use to achieve things we cannot achieve on our own; Through existing friends, we can get to meet new friends; a Skills for Care and Skills for Health are charities that promote best practice and workforce and workforce development in health and social care. This is professional advocacy law services represented by legally qualified solicitors/lawyers/barristers. Local authorities must also provide services to meet the needs of individuals with learning disabilities or identify referrals to third-party services. Non-instructed advocacy is when the individual is unable to express their desires to the advocate. Consequently, support staff, social workers, medical professionals and sometimes even family members make poor advocates. Neglecting to do so can lead to criminal prosecution, as can subjecting an individual to abuse, which will be treated as a hate crime. Understand the legal and policy framework underpinning an individual’s right to make decisions and take risks 4. These are the primary laws that directly relate to the freedoms and rights of individuals, however there is additional legislation that indirectly affects this including: Policies that promote human rights, inclusion, equal life chances and citizenship of individuals with learning disabilities: When compared to the time before the legislation and policies listed above were introduced, we can surmise that the daily experiences of individuals with learning disabilities and their families have been positively and significantly influenced. The Care Act 2014 gave local authorities the responsibility to promote all aspects of an individual with learning disabilities wellbeing and provide services in this respect. This began the integration of individuals with learning disabilities into local communities and the start of day centres, hostels and community residential care. However the social model of disability would say that the barrier is society. This does not mean that they are unable to communicate but that they communicate in a different way. They are free to take risks and make their own life choices. Helping them to challenge decisions that are made about them by others. Statutory advocacy pertains to individuals that have the legal right to an advocate and one will often be appointed to represent them. Popular opinions were that people with learning disabilities did not have the desire to engage in sexual relationships or were perverse or were innocent and vulnerable and could not consent. In the latter half of the 20th century, as more people left institutions and integrated with local communities, more activities were provided for people with learning disabilities by local authorities and charities such as MENCAP. Increased exposure and communication between different groups of people can create more tolerance, empathy and understanding. McConkey 207 Journal of Intellectual Disability Research doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2006.00858.x pp – Variations in the social inclusion of people with intellectual disabilities in supported living schemes and In the 21st century, there are a wider variety of services catered towards individuals with learning disabilities as well as further integration with mainstream activities. To support greater inclusivity, equality and diversity you need to know how to spot when it isn’t happening. At the top of the hierarchy of external agencies that have a role in changing attitudes, policy and practice is the government. Person-centred approach • Recognising individuality . The most important thing is to ensure that the individual feels involved in the process. Each individual you support has the right to say no, the right to have a relationship, the right to have a say about how they are supported. 9 What social inclusion means in Oxfordshire Fortunately, this can easily be rectified with current and proper training and education. Providing person-centred active support is as easy as standing behind your client when they pay for items to make them feel at ease and in control. 1. The Human Rights Act,Equality Act and Care Act have helped to bring about change in the health and social care sector. 13 March 2018. The Equality Act 2010 has made it unlawful for people with disabilities to be harassed or discriminated against because of their disabilities. 1959 saw the introduction of the Mental Health Act, which made living in a ‘hospital’ voluntary unless individuals were classed a danger to others and that community care should be espoused. The conditions of residential hospitals were also criticised with reports of isolated locations with visits being discouraged, poorly trained staff, lack of co-ordination and patients having little to no belongings. These are appointed by the local authority when individual is unable to make their own decisions and they have no family or friends that can support them. Typical causes are: The medical and social models of disability are contrasting ideas about the reasons for barriers to independence encountered by people with disabilities. Following this the authors’ interpretations of data were presented for discussion within one … Twenty men and six women were involved aged 20-65, either from independent living units or group homes. The NHS defines a learning disability as: A learning disability affects the way a person understands information and how they communicate. Many of these simply represent the lower end of the normal distribution of intelligence. The NHS provides a good definition of advocacy: If you find it difficult to understand your care and support or find it hard speak up, there are people who can act as a spokesperson for you. that may indicate that they are either not listening or not understanding. • Enabling choice and social relationships . This includes (amongst others) the right to life, the right to a fair trial and the freedom from slavery and forced labour. This is where an individual is able to represent themselves by assessing and making their own decisions and ensuring their voice is heard. More recently, legislation has enshrined the rights of individuals with learning disabilities. Therefore, it is important that the pedagogical strategies we employ in the classroom reflect an understanding of social identity development so that we can anticipate the tensions that might occur in the classroom and be proactive about them’ (Ambrose et. In fact, one of the benefits of the evolution of services is that we now understand that we should never rest on our laurels and should strive for continuous improvement backed by research. Six ways to support diversity and inclusion in the workplace 1. By now, individuals with learning disabilities were being listened to more and given more respect and choice with their healthcare options. This is normal and should not be avoided. Understanding Social Inclusion, Social Cohesion and Social Capital Robert J. Oxobyy June 2009 Abstract The topics of social capital, social cohesion, and social inclusion are increasingly gaining interest in economics, sociology, and politics, particularly in regards to addressing poverty and designing related policies. In 1948, the NHS was formed and took over the asylums and they changed to hospitals, although they did not reform a great deal. Asking open-ended questions ensures the individual is listening and understands you, Be patient – give the individual plenty of time to absorb what you are saying and time to respond, Listen – communication is a two-way process so ensure that you actively listen to what the individual says to you, Facial expressions – observing an individual’s face can give visual cues about how they are feeling and if they are understanding you, Gestures – some individuals will use gestures to communicate. The negative aspects of using the label ‘learning disability’ are: Positive attitudes towards individuals can be promoted using a variety of strategies. This was followed by the Mental Capacity Act 2005, which supported individuals with learning disabilities to engages in consensual sexual intercourse. 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